National Health Service (SNS) hospitals performed a record 22,000 caesarean sections (cesarianas) in 2025, a 5% increase from the previous year. The highest rates were recorded in the North and Alentejo regions, where a shortage of obstetricians (obstetras) is reportedly influencing clinical decisions. Health officials note that while some cases are medically necessary, the rising trend is a concern for public health standards. Expectant parents using the public system should discuss birth plans with their medical teams early in the pregnancy.