História de Portugal: 3ª REPÚBLICA - PORTUGAL depois de 1974
The article details Portugal's transition to the 3rd Republic after 1974, highlighting the pivotal events of the Carnation Revolution on April 25, 1974. This military-led coup, carried out by the Movimento das Forças Armadas (MFA), ended the Estado Novo regime, which had maintained colonial control over African territories. The revolution was driven by discontent with prolonged colonial wars, economic struggles, and social unrest. Key figures included military officers like Salgueiro Maia and Otelo Saraiva de Carvalho. Following the coup, Portugal abolished its authoritarian regime, and the MFA, with Marxist influences, gained control over media, education, and land redistribution, especially in the Alentejo. The revolution marked the beginning of decolonization, with movements for independence emerging across African colonies such as Angola, Mozambique, and Guinea. Despite claims of economic hardship, colonial territories contributed significantly to Portugal's economy. The event is famously known as the “Revolução dos Cravos” (Carnation Revolution), symbolizing peaceful change and the end of authoritarian rule.
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